Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) Practice Exam

What is the preferred antibiotic for treating bacterial vaginosis?

1. Clindamycin

2. Metronidazole

3. Amoxicillin

4. Doxycycline

The correct answer is: Metronidazole

Metronidazole is the preferred antibiotic for treating bacterial vaginosis due to its effectiveness against the anaerobic bacteria that are commonly implicated in this condition. Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by an imbalance in the normal flora of the vagina, leading to an overgrowth of certain bacteria. Metronidazole works by disrupting the DNA synthesis of these anaerobic organisms, ultimately leading to their death and a restoration of the normal vaginal flora. While clindamycin is also an effective treatment option for bacterial vaginosis, metronidazole is often favored in practice due to its established efficacy and the availability of different formulations, including oral and topical options. Amoxicillin and doxycycline are generally not recommended for bacterial vaginosis treatment as they do not target the specific bacteria involved in this condition, and their mechanisms of action are not aligned with the treatment goals for bacterial vaginosis.